Monday, May 25, 2020

Biography of Lorraine Hansberry, Playwright and Activist

Lorraine Hansberry (May 19, 1930–January 12, 1965) was a playwright, essayist, and civil rights activist. She is best  known for  writing A Raisin in the Sun, the first play by a black woman produced on Broadway.  Her civil rights work and writing career were cut short by her death from pancreatic cancer at age 34. Fast Facts: Lorraine Hansberry Known For:  Lorraine Hansberry was a black playwright, essayist, and activist best known for writing A Raisin in the Sun.Also Known As:  Lorraine Vivian HansberryBorn:  May 19, 1930  in Chicago, IllinoisParents: Carl Augustus Hansberry and Nannie Perry HansberryDied:  January 12, 1965 in New York CityEducation: University of Wisconsin, Roosevelt College, School of Art Institute, New School for Social ResearchPublished Works:  A Raisin in the Sun, The Drinking Gourd, To Be Young, Gifted, and Black: Lorraine Hansberry in Her Own Words, The Sign in Sidney Brusteins Window, Les BlancsAwards and Honors:  New York Drama Critics Circle Award for  A Raisin in the Sun, Cannes Film Festival special award for A Raisin in the Sun (screenplay), Tony Award for Best MusicalSpouse(s): Robert Nemiroff (m. 1953–1964)Notable Quote: [T]hough it be a thrilling and marvelous thing to be merely young and gifted in such times, it is doubly so, doubly dynamic, to be young, gifted  an d black! Early Life The granddaughter of a freed slave, Lorraine Hansberry was born into a family that was active in the black community of Chicago. She was raised in an atmosphere suffused with activism and intellectual rigor. Her uncle William Leo Hansberry was a professor of African history. Visitors to her childhood home included such black luminaries as Duke Ellington, W.E.B. Dubois, Paul Robeson, and Jesse Owens. When she was 8 years old, Hansberrys family moved house and desegregated a white neighborhood that had a restrictive covenant. Though there were violent protests, they did not move out until a court ordered them to do so. The case made it to the U.S. Supreme Court as Hansberry v. Lee, when their case was overturned, but on a technicality. The decision is nevertheless considered to have been an early weakening in the restrictive covenants that enforced segregation nationally. One of Lorraine Hanberrys brothers served in a segregated unit in World War II. Another brother refused his draft call, objecting to segregation and discrimination in the military. Education Lorraine Hansberry attended the University of Wisconsin for two years and she briefly attended the Art Institute in Chicago, where she studied painting. Desiring to pursue her longtime interest in writing and theater, she then moved to New York to attend the New School for Social Research. She also began work for Paul Robesons progressive black newspaper Freedom, first as a writer and then an associate editor. She attended the Intercontinental Peace Congress in Montevideo, Uruguay, in 1952, when Paul Robeson was denied a passport to attend. Marriage Hansberry met Jewish publisher and activist Robert Nemiroff on a picket line and they were married in 1953, spending the night before their wedding protesting the execution of the Rosenbergs. With support from her husband, Lorraine Hansberry left her position at Freedom, focusing mostly on her writing and taking a few temporary jobs. She soon joined the first lesbian civil rights organization in the U.S., Daughters of Bilitis, contributing letters about womens and gay rights to their magazine,  The Ladder. She wrote under an alias, using her initials L.H., for fear of discrimination. At this time, she and her husband separated, but they continued to work together. After her death, he became the executor for her unfinished manuscripts. A Raisin in the Sun Lorraine Hansberry completed her first play in 1957, taking her title from Langston Hughes poem, Harlem. What happens to a dream deferred?Does it dry up like a raisin in the sun?Or fester like a sore—and then run? A Raisin in the Sun is about a struggling black family in Chicago and draws heavily from the lives of the working-class tenants who rented from her father. There are strong influences from her own family on the characters as well. â€Å"Beneatha is me, eight years ago,† she explained. Hansberry began to circulate the play, trying to interest producers, investors, and actors. Sidney Poitier expressed interest in taking the part of the son, and soon a director and other actors (including Louis Gossett, Ruby Dee, and Ossie Davis) were committed to the performance. A Raisin in the Sun opened on Broadway at the Barrymore Theatre on March 11, 1959. The play, with themes both universally human and specifically about racial discrimination and sexist attitudes, was successful and won a Tony Award for Best Musical. Within two years, it was translated into 35 different languages and was performed all over the world. A screenplay soon followed, to which Lorraine Hansberry added more scenes to the story—none of which Columbia Pictures allowed into the film. Later Work   Lorraine Hansberry was commissioned to write a television drama on slavery, which she completed as The Drinking Gourd, but it was not produced. Moving with her husband to Croton-on-Hudson, Lorraine Hansberry continued not only her writing but also her involvement with civil rights and other political protests. In 1964, The Movement: Documentary of a Struggle for Equality was published for SNCC (Student  Nonviolent Coordinating Committee) with text by Hansberry. In October, Lorraine Hansberry moved back into New York City as her new play, The Sign in Sidney Brusteins Window began rehearsals. Although critical reception was cool, supporters kept it running until Lorraine Hansberrys death in January. Death Hansberry was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer in 1963 and she died two years later on January 12, 1965, at age 34.  Hansberrys funeral was held in Harlem and Paul Robeson and SNCC organizer James Forman  gave eulogies. Legacy As a young, black woman, Hansberry was a groundbreaking artist, recognized for her strong, passionate voice on gender, class, and racial issues. She was the first black playwright and youngest American to win a New York Critics’ Circle award. She and her words were the inspiration for Nina Simones song To Be Young Gifted and Black. In 2017, she was inducted into the National Womens Hall of Fame.  In 2018, a new American Masters documentary,  Lorraine Hansberry: Sighted Eyes/Feeling Heart, was released, by filmmaker Tracy Heather Strain. Sources â€Å"Lorraine Hansberry, Creator of A Raisin in the Sun.†Ã‚  Literary Ladies Guide.â€Å"Lorraine Hansberry Biography.†Ã‚  Chicago Public Library.McKissack, Patricia C. and Fredrick L.  Young, Black and Determined: A Biography of Lorraine Hansberry. Holiday House, 1998.

Tuesday, May 19, 2020

Gun Control Debate - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 814 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/03/19 Category Society Essay Level High school Topics: Gun Control Essay Did you like this example? Recent mass shooting led large number of American citizens to come to the conclusions that we should repeal the second amendment. They claim that not only would this stop mass shootings, but it would make every community safer in the United States. But to what extent would the repealing of the second amendment make the United States safer? Except for a few exceptions, almost every mass shooting has been committed using an illegal firearm. Furthermore, mass shootings have been prevented from a law-abiding citizen that has a conceal carry license that thankfully put an end to the shooting before more victims were added to the shooting such as in September of 2017 when an usher at a church in Tennessee shot and killed a gunman who killed a woman and injured others in the parking lot. Repealing the second amendment would not make America safer but would rather make it more dangerous as citizens would not be able to protect themselves from criminals using illegally owned firearms. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Gun Control Debate" essay for you Create order Activists from this movement, such as David Hogg, a student at Stoneman Douglas High School where a mass shooting took place in February of this year states that the only way to save more children and people is to get rid of guns. Although this may sound to be a suitable solution there is one major flaw in the argument. More than half of criminals are smart enough not to buy a gun legally. They will get their firearms illegally through the black market. This was exemplified during the prohibition when the American government banned the alcohol and is continued to be shown today with drugs such as Marijuana. Alcohol consumption skyrocketed as people made their own beverages and sold them illegally. This same thing would happen if guns were made illegal seeing as roughly four out of every ten guns are obtained illegally, according to Giffords Law Center. Therefore, if the amendment did get repealed, law-abiding American citizens would be put in more danger. Even if a person carried a knife on them at all times, they dont stand a chance to a person who has a gun. If in fact every person in the United States over the legal limit had a gun in their possession, people would be too scared to use it as they would be neutralized another person carrying a gun. Advocates for the use of firearms say gun-carrying civilians prove that an armed populace can help mitigate the death toll of a mass shooter but could also prevent mass shootings as a whole from happening (2). The only time we hear about gun control is when a mass shooting occurs. Troubled cities such as Chicago and Detroit have murders committed every day, yet we never hear about them in the media. According to the FBI UCR report in 2015, Detroit has some of the strictest guns laws in the nation yet had two hundred and ninety five murders reported whereas Wacko, Texas has less restrictive gun laws and only had twenty two murders reported. The harder a city, county, or nation make it for people to buy a gun, the easier it is for criminals to commit murders and other types of crime. It is human nature for people to want what they cant have. There is a small compromise that both sides of the argument want, tighter background checks. Today, there are many holes in the background check process that allow for a non-qualified person to obtain a gun. For example, mental health records are not looked at thoroughly or even at all by gun shops. This is what allowed Seung-Hui Cho to buy a gun and commit the mass shooting at Virginia Tech in 2007. Cho originally was labeled as Troubled: Further contact within 2 weeks according to the Cook Counseling Center (3). People with high levels of suppression or thoughts of suicide should not be able to own a gun. But this shouldnt take away the rights for everyone to own a gun either. No one knows exactly what a person will do once they buy a firearm, thats why guns should only be sold to people that have no history of mental illness or arrested for a gun related crime. As more criminals and mentally ill people get their hands on guns, we will continue to see murders and mass shootings throughout the country. Their need to be stricter gun laws but that does not mean taking guns away from law-abiding citizens that use them for protection. The more guns there are in the country, the more people will be afraid to use them. Although is it hard to predict how people will use their guns once they buy them, knowing other people have guns will discourage them to commit mass shootings. The second amendment was put in place for a reason and repealing it will only allow more crime to be committed.

Thursday, May 14, 2020

Cold Weather Reduces Hybrid Fuel Mileage

It’s not just the frozen toes and icy temps that can get ya down at this time of the year. It’s filling up at the pump too. Yet even if you drive a hybrid—and love its feel good fuel mileage, they also take a hit in fuel economy when the mercury dips. Why does hybrid fuel economy drop in winter weather? Well, not only do hybrids suffer many of the same cold weather fuel economy losses of a conventional vehicle, but the hybrid electrical systems lose efficiency too--which equates to a drop in mileage. Hybrid System Temperature – Just like the vehicles internal combustion engine, its hybrid system components (especially the battery) work best when they are warm. The onboard hybrid battery depends upon a chemical reaction to both release energy to the electric drive motor and accept charge during regenerative braking. This reaction is severely hampered when the battery is cold, so the engine runs longer and more frequently to make up the deficit while the battery warms up. Passenger Compartment Heat - Hybrids, just like conventional cars, rely on hot engine coolant circulating through the heater core (heat exchanger) to keep the cabin warm. Obviously, the engine needs to run more frequently to keep up with heater demand. The higher the heater setting, the longer the engine runs. Heavy Defroster Use - Running the defroster can also pull down the mileage. When the defroster is on, not only is it dispensing heat from the heater core, but it also runs the AC compressor to remove moisture from the air. Though its good for the compressor to run periodic cycles in the colder weather (to preserve the integrity of the internal seals), excessive use does reduce fuel economy. In most hybrids, the compressor is run by its own electric motor instead of a belt from the engine, but this doesnt allow the compressor to run penalty-free. That extra electric discharge will require more frequent recharging of the hybrid battery. Running the compressor does hurt fuel mileage. The following two points hybrids share with conventional vehicles: Unburned Fuel – Gasoline just doesn’t atomize and burn as well in a cold engine—tiny droplets of unburned fuel remaining in the cylinder are evacuated with the exhaust. That unburned fuel tallies up to a loss in power—using more fuel to go the same distance—not to mention, substantially increasing the your engines emissions. Tire Pressure Drops – It’s just a law of physics. Colder temperatures cause the pressure in those tires to drop, about 1 to 2 psi for every 10 degrees in temperature drop. Low tire pressure creates extra rolling resistance and friction, and hence, lost fuel economy. How to Improve Hybrid Fuel Mileage Watch that Thermostat - Just as youd turn down the heat in your house to save fuel, set the vehicles heater to the lowest comfortable level.Heat the Seats - If your hybrid has them, take advantage of the electrically-heated seats. The heat from the seats keeps you comfy and reduces the need to heat the whole cabin.Beat the Defroster Penalty - Setting the heater in defrost mode is the easiest way to quickly clear heavily frosted windows (especially the windshield). However, once the cabin is warm and the windows are clear, turn the defroster off--in most cases, cabin heat will keep the windows fairly frost-free. Turn on the defroster and cycle only as needed.Garage It – If it’s available, use it. Even if it entails giving that extra junk to the local thrift shop first, parking your vehicle in a garage will keep it warmer--and that means a shorter warm-up to reach optimum operating temperature.Get Your Act Together – Yes, organizing and pre-planning your errands wi ll maximize your time and fuel, since a warmed up car utilizes fuel more efficiently—in addition to making the most of your time as well.Ease Up With the Lead Foot – With black ice and slushy roadways a wintertime reality, not only is it safer to go easier on the accelerator, it’s a smart (and easy) way to save fuel.Check That Tire Pressure - Keep those tires inflated at (or even a bit above) the recommended range. Many manufacturers recommendations for tire pressure are suited for ride comfort while forsaking fuel economy. We usually run our tires several pounds higher for an extra bit of economy.

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Analysis Of Marcus Borg s The Bible - 1791 Words

Recently I have been overwhelmed by the various conflicting views on the interpretation the bible. Many people say that to be a Christian you must follow and believe the bible verbatim. However, I realize that it is nearly impossible to do that because of the context in which it was written. Marcus Borg’s has successfully provided a logical way to read the bible, with still being able to respect and incorporate older Christian traditions, but also focusing and taking into consideration the modernized world and reality in which we read the bible today. Hence the essential subtitle, Taking The Bible Seriously But not Literally. I salute Borg’s for taking on the challenge of addressing a burning issue that separates two distinct group of†¦show more content†¦Therefore, the way we see affects the way we read. â€Å"As we enter the twenty-first century, we need a new set of lenses through which to read the Bible. The older set, ground and polished by modernity, no longer works for millions of people. These lenses need to be replaced. The older way of seeing and reading the Bible, has made the Bible incredible and irrelevant for vast numbers of people†¦ The need for new lenses thus exists within the church itself.† I fully agree with this assertion formed by Borg. The new and constantly evolving ways of science, technology, and analytical thinking, have led many people to reject the teachings of Bible. To look at the Bible through the eyes of a non-Christian, it would be easy to make rational altercations against its accuracy. Borg included the counterargument that is made by many conservative evangelical Christians, which is, â€Å"God said it, I believe it, and that settles it.† As if this blunt answer to the textual variants, could possibly hold any value to a non-believer. Similar to Borg, I believe that it is necessary to address the context and differences of the time period that the Bible was written in, and rather tha n completely denying the scientifically advanced ways of todays society, incorporate it as a prompt to a better understanding of the scripture. Another analogy used by Borg in the first section of his book; came from the traditions of Buddhism, where the teachings of Buddha were seen as â€Å"a finger pointing to

The Problem Of Identity Politics And A Lack Of Leadership...

The problem of identity politics and a lack of leadership on the left is nothing new. Since I ve been involved with leftwing political movements, identity politics has been a driving force on the left. Obama has gotten away with murder, literally, because of identity politics. Hillary Clinton s electoral loss could be attributed to identity politics. And many people argue one of the primary limitations of Black Lives Matter is their adherence to identity politics. When identities take precedence over ideas, values, principles, political programs, strategies and tactics, the left can expect to keep losing. Unfortunately, the same is true at Standing Rock, where tribal leaders wanted to talk about white privilege, whereas rank and file natives were more interested in talking about strategy and tactics and how to stop all oil pipelines, not just those running through native lands. The fact that Wes Clark Jr. and the tribal elders didn t seek input from rank and file activists isn t unfortunate or a coincidence, it s how power functions when power is centralized and unwilling to seek advice in a democratic manner from people who often know better. The fact of the matter is that the tribal leadership at Standing Rock has virtually no experience organizing political movements, let alone acts of civil disobedience or direct actions. We were essentially told that if we weren t native, to keep our opinions and ideas to ourselves. Again, this is not how you organize a seriousShow MoreRelatedExtraordinary Rendition : A Political Pinky Promise1622 Words   |  7 Pageslocation without any legal process. This process has also been tied in to transporting a detainee with the intention of moving them to a location where they can be tortured. This is also where the majority of the problems around the process begin. 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However, they suffer from oppression for being a part of both the ethnic minority and queer communities. As a result, members are abused, harassed, and deprived of equal civil rights in social and economic conditions (Gossett). In response to the

Survey of Western Art Essay Example For Students

Survey of Western Art Essay As I entered museum, I saw many similar paintings that I learned in class. The Hyde Collection had many beautiful works 19th  Century European and American art. Most of pictures are from 19th  century oil and wood paints, and there were some pictures from 17th  century in second floor. I recognized some of artists, and one of 17th  century picture,  Christ with Arms Folded,  caught my eyes. It is an oil painting on canvas with chiaroscuro, and it doesn’t have many colors. Even though he used less colors, his painting was attractive enough. This painting is well described light and shade. In this picture, Jesus Christ’s face is lighted while background is shaded. This impacted his facial expression, and feelings. After I saw this portrait, I felt his sadness and dignity at the same time. The Christ with arms folded  was painted by Rembrandt van Rijn. He is the most important painter working in Amsterdam in the 17th  century. Rembrandt was born in Leiden on 1606. He began his studies at Latin school, and began to study art when he was 14 years old. Rembrandt absorbed an interest in the naturalism, drama and tenebrism championed by Caravaggio. By 1630, he was established in Amsterdam primarily as a portrait painter. His well-known group portrait are  The Anatomy Lesson for DR. Nicolaes Tulf  (1632) and  The Night Watch(1642). And the night watch is the could say the end of his most successful years. People didn’t understand his realistic portrait, and it triggered him to failure of his life. His masterpiece make the event more dramatically, because a dense layer of grime had darkened and obscured its colors. Beginning in 1627, he focused on etching, which uses acid to inscribe a design on metal plates. About a decade later, he began to experiment with making additions to his compositions in the drypoint technique. At his senior life,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Rembrandt painted ever more brilliantly, varying textures and paint from the thinnest glaszes to thick impasto, creating a rich, luminous chiaroscuro, ranging from deepest shadow to brilliant highlihgts in a dazzling display of gold, red, and brown. And his artworks became more searching as he aged.   ( Cothren, Michael W. Art History. 5th  ed. Pg. 23)  In contrast to his successful public career, however, Rembrandt’s family life influenced him to fail. He had four children, but only one child survived Despite Rembrandts financial success as an artist, teacher, and art dealer, his penchant for ostentatious living forced him to declare bankruptcy in 1656. The painting,  Christ with Arms Folded  is one of the series of portrayals of the apostles. This painting is a mixture of his previous works (The heads of Christ,  Pilgrims at Emmaus) yet renews the emotion they instill in painting. In this painting, Christ tilted his head to left, downward looking gaze and closed mouth, lighting from the right, and folding his arms. He shaded the bottom and left side of Jesus, and this darkness makes the portrait more gentle and realistic. Also, the light in this portrait is gradually shinning, and it makes me to feel like his eyes are following me. Most of his Biblical portraits are combination of realism and imagination. He was so ahead of his time in showing Jesus as a Middle Eastern Jewish man with human emotion. His portrait of Jesus was not fully imagination. Nobody knows about Jesus’s face, and Rembrandt used Jewish model to pose. Jesus in his painting seems like more human, and he expressed feelings so nice. As I mentioned before,  Christ with arm folded  is combination of his previous works. The heads of Christ  and  Pilgrims at Emmaus  are his previous art work and these art works show his skill in depicting light and shadow. His unique skill in depicting light and shadow have been more highly valued during the 18th  and 19th  centuries. Rembrandt’s realistic portrait inspired many famous aristis in 17th  century Dutch and German. For example, Fragonard and Tiepolo were highly influenced by him. .u646b2f194ba268da0ec19adb5bd9c5b4 , .u646b2f194ba268da0ec19adb5bd9c5b4 .postImageUrl , .u646b2f194ba268da0ec19adb5bd9c5b4 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u646b2f194ba268da0ec19adb5bd9c5b4 , .u646b2f194ba268da0ec19adb5bd9c5b4:hover , .u646b2f194ba268da0ec19adb5bd9c5b4:visited , .u646b2f194ba268da0ec19adb5bd9c5b4:active { border:0!important; } .u646b2f194ba268da0ec19adb5bd9c5b4 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u646b2f194ba268da0ec19adb5bd9c5b4 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u646b2f194ba268da0ec19adb5bd9c5b4:active , .u646b2f194ba268da0ec19adb5bd9c5b4:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u646b2f194ba268da0ec19adb5bd9c5b4 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u646b2f194ba268da0ec19adb5bd9c5b4 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u646b2f194ba268da0ec19adb5bd9c5b4 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u646b2f194ba268da0ec19adb5bd9c5b4 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u646b2f194ba268da0ec19adb5bd9c5b4:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u646b2f194ba268da0ec19adb5bd9c5b4 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u646b2f194ba268da0ec19adb5bd9c5b4 .u646b2f194ba268da0ec19adb5bd9c5b4-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u646b2f194ba268da0ec19adb5bd9c5b4:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Down Syndrome EssayHis realistic portrait was the new way of painting in 17th  century, and it gave inspiration of artist in later time. This painting contains lots of meaning behind, and just like this paint (Christ with arm folded) most of his paintings are well designed and well-described expressions. He is the most influential artist during that time of period and now. this painting shows his techniques of painting and how he imagined about Christ. Even though he had tragic life at the end, the loneliness made his painting more mature and influenced him to enter another level of art.

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Digital Arts Essay Example For Students

Digital Arts Essay He initially has worked as a painter, sculptor, Exhibition designer and graphic artist. ;k Manfred Mohr. He started his career as an action painter and jazz musician. He began using the computer in 1969 because of his growing interest in creating an algorithmic art. His early computer works Are algorithmic and based on his former drawings With a strong attitude on rhythm and repetition. * Robert John Landlords He is very successful architect with offices in Russell Square, was a deliver in the potential for computers for architecture and other creative activities. He pioneered the use of computers as an aid to planning; making perspective drawings on an Elliott 803 computer in 1963, modeling a building s lifts and services, plotting the annual tall to daylight across its site as well as authoring his own computer aided design application, Fields of Digital Arts Computer Generation, Computer generated art is created with a computer, from models created by the artist, The term is usually applied to works created entirely with a computer. Movies make heave. Use of computer-generated graphics; they are called computer-generated imagery (CGI) in the film industry. In the first time it was Seibel to Create realistic AD computer animation. The film The Phantom Menace was widely noted for its heavy use of computer graphics. Two Main Paradigms in Computer Generated Imagery AD Computer Graphics It will reflect how you might draw using a pencil and a piece of paper. In This case the image is on the computer screen and the instrument you draw might be a tablet stylus or mouse. What is generated on your screen might appear to be drawn with a pencil, pen or paintbrush, AD Computer Graphics This is where the screen becomes a window into a virtual environment, where you arrange objects to be photographed why the computer. The image generated is 20, so you can always take it into your paint program tort additions. Illustration Art work created using generally, vector-based tools. Photography/Cinematography related Artwork created through a camera which may then be manipulated. Painting Artwork created in similar fashion to non digital paintings; software based brushes, pallet knives, canvases and paints are manipulated by the painter on a computer platform. Digital Film It is a cinema production and performance system that works by using a digital representations Of the brightness and color Of each pixel Of the image. This allows much more flexible post production in the image. This allows much more flexible post production in the digital domain than would be possible using analogue techniques such as traditional film optical. Digital film system has much higher resolution than digital video system, both in the spatial dimension (number of pixels) and the tonal dimension (representation of brightness). They also tend to have much finer control over colorimeter throughout the production process. Animation It can describe as moving video comprised of individual frames to graphics art. Cartoons and computer generated images would be examples of animation.